Partnerships
and Agreements
The maintenance of both LAVIET and Composting Plant
has been made through financial supports of research and
extension projects, services and also UFBA resources, when
available.
Nowadays, projects in development are financed by FINEP-FAPESB
(Bahia State Government), by CAPES, through Post-Graduation
students and by CNPq, through PIBIC program (both Federal
Government institutions).
LAVIET, through nacional and internacional contacts,
maintains partnerships and agreements, in the scope of UFBA,
with the following institutions: Institute of Geosciences,
through the Program of Post-Graduation on Geochemestry and
Environment; Institute of Chemestry; University Campus City
Hall; School of Veterinary and Agronomy; and Statistics
Department. In the scope of external partnerships, there
are: SPJ (Superintendency of Parks and Gardens) of Salvador
City Hall; Ceplac-Cepec, Botany Institute/São Paulo;
Viçosa University/MG, São Paulo University,
Campinas Agronomic Institute/São Paulo, Campinas
University, Uberaba University, Austral University of Chile-Valdivia,
University of Kassel, University of Giessen and University
of Hohenheim/Germany, State Agricultural Secretary of Hessen/Germany,
University of Florida - Gainesville/USA, etc.
Projects in Development |
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PROJECT
Rede Reviver - RECOPE
OBJECTIVE: To produce organic compost from
domestic waste and evaluate its action in the improvement
of soils – Plant development and Implementation of
Selective Collection in Camaçari.
TIME: since January/2000
SUPPORT: FINEP/FAPESB, CNPq
PARTNERSHIPS: LIMPEC - Camaçari,
CEPLAC, EBDA, SPJ, Caraiba Metais
ENGAGED STAFF: Prof. Msc Hermínia
Bastos (Vice-Coordinator), Bernadete Marcello (Administrative
Management), Master Degree students: Alessandra Argolo E.
Santos, Sildia Santos Gomes, Carla Nunes Costa, Ana Paula
Bittencourt, Valdenir Meira and Marina Moraes; Graduation
students: Maria Bethânia Figueiredo, Bianca Grisi,
Eagles Muniz Alves, Alice Torres Barbosa, Agnaldo de Souza,
Torriceli S. Thé, Maria Alice dos Santos; Technical
staff: André Bertotti (Designer), Bárbara
Borges (Secretary), Ariomar de Castro Aguiar (Chemist),
Reinildo de Jesus Silva (Field Assistent), Carlos Bahia
Júnior (Driver), Lindiane Araújo Freire (Biologist),
Manuel Leite (Environmental Educator), Ricardo Alexandre
Novelino (Agronomist).
Master
Degree|
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1.
Title: BIOLOGICAL
INDICATORS IN THE EVALUATION OF AREAS IMPACTED BY ATMOSPHERIC
EMISSIONS.
Author:
Alessandra Argolo do Espírito Santo (FAPESB scholarship)
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana
Lima
Objective: To evaluate the use of biological
parameters (enzymatic activity, carbon of microbial biomass
and the community structure of cursor arthopodes) as indices
of soil quality.
Time: August 2002 to August 2004.
Support: FINEP and FAPESB.
Abstract:
The
aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of the industrial
atmospheric pollution of the petrochemical complex of Camaçari
in the physical, chemical and biological properties of the
soil. Parameters like: macrofauna community structure; carbon
of the microbial biomass and activity of the enzymes desidrogenase
and arilsulfatase should inform about alterations provoked
by the industrial emissions. Two collections will be accomplished,
one in the dry period (February) and other in the rainy
period (June) along a transecto delimited inside of a pollution
gradient by sulfur dioxide and heavy metals. Soil samplings
will be accomplished in the depth of 0-10 cm, in a stochastic
way, in ten sites with five repetitions each. Statistical
considerations will get special attention. For that the
data will be treated based on inferential and exploratory
tests. In the inferential analysis, classical methods will
be applied (ANOVA) considering as null hypothesis the stand
point that the impact in the soil between the sites situated
closer to the pollutant source and the ones situated more
distant will be the same. The exploratory analysis of the
data will be made from the multivaried integration among
environmental variables (physiochemical parameters of the
soil), pollutant variables (metals and sulfur) and biotic
variables (structure of macrofauna communities, variation
in the microbial biomass and enzymatic activity). Tool will
be the canonical analysis of correspondence (CAC) or redundancy
analysis, depending on the best adaquacy of the data to
the response model (unimodal or linear, respectively).
2.
Title: EVALUATION OF THE USE OF ORGANIC COMPOST FROM
URBAN WASTE IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF SOILS THROUGH SUSTAINABILITY
INDICATORS.
Author:
Carla Regina Costa Lima
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Objective: To evaluate the effects of organic compost
from urban residues in the improvement of agricultural soils,
utilizing sustainability indicators.
Time: August 2002 to August 2004.
Support: FINEP and FAPESB.
Abstract:
This
work seeks to identify indicators to inform about the action
of the organic compost in the improvement of agricultural
soils. The compost has been originated by domestic organic
residues. The experiments were implanted in the properties
of two small farmers. Parameters like pH, conductivity,
density, organic matter content, macro and micronutrients,
productivity will be compared among cultures treated with
mineral fertilizer and with organic compost. Of special
importance in this project is the sensitization of the farmers
and their involvement in all phases of the work. Farmer’s
visits to the laboratory of soil analysis will be included.
The proposal is to stimulate their awareness towards environmental
subjects, such as the reuse of garbage and the feasibility
of a sustainable agriculture.
3.
Título:
MANGIFERA INDICA L. IN THE BIOMONITORING OF AIR QUALITY
IN THE URBAN AREA OF SALVADOR CITY-BAHIA, BRAZIL.
Author: Ana Paula Bitencourt
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana
Lima
Objective: To apply physiological responses
of mango trees (Mangifera indica L.) in order to evaluate
the air quality of Salvador City.
Time: April 2002 to September 2003.
Support:
Abstract:
This
work aims to apply physiological responses of the mango
tree in the air quality evaluation of Salvador. Salvador
is a city in an intense and fast growth process, which has
no air quality monitoring network so far. Atmospherical
pollutants influence plant metabolism altering certain physiological
parameters. The oscillation in the values of those parameters
aids in the evaluation of air quality. Parameters like particulate
matter present on the foliar surface, its pH and conductivity,
as well as the content of ascorbic acid, sulfur and catalase
in the leaves will be monthly measured in mango trees located
in four different sites in the city, with different exposure
levels to the traffic of vehicles.
4. Título: DECOMPOSITION OF ESCHWEILERA OVATA
LITTER IN THE NEIGHBORING AREA OF A COPPER SMELTER.
Author: Sildia Santos Gomes
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana
Lima
Objective: This work has as objective to
evaluate the influence industrial atmospherical emissions
in the cycling of nutrients, determining the rate and the
stage of litter decomposition of one native species in soils
polluted by haevy metals in comparison to the same species
of a remote area.
Time: January 2003 to January 2005.
Support: FINEP AND FAPESB
Abstract:
The
aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of industrial
atmospheric emissions in the nutrient tournover. The work
will be developed at the Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari.
Ten sites located inside of a heavy metals pollution gradient
will be determined. Naylon bags (10X5cm) will be filled
up with 5g of litter from “Biriba” trees (Eschweilera
ovatta) collected in the contaminated area (litter I) and
with litter from the same species with occurrence in places
without the direct influence of the industrial emissions
(litter II). In each one of the ten sites, sixty bags (litter
I and II) will be exposed in June 2002. Bimonthly a random
collection of the bags will be made during one year. Ten
bags will be collected from each site and transported to
the laboratory, where they will be dried in the oven at
70ºC for 24 hours for dry weight determination. Soon
afterwards the material will be ground for determination
of pH, conductivity, carbon, macronutrients, nitrogen, sulfur
and the heavy metals Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb. The same chemical
characterization of the litter will be made at the beginning
of the experiment.
Scientific
Initiation | Top |
1. Title: EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON THE STRUCTURE
OF MACROFAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH LITTER.
Author:
Maria Betania Figueiredo (PIBIC scholarship)
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana
Lima
Objective: To evaluate the effect of atmospheric
emissions from industries of the Petrochemical Complex of
Camaçari over macroarthropod communities associated
with litter.
Time: July 2002 to August 2003.
Support: FINEP, FAPESB and PIBIC.
Abstract:
This work aims to evaluate the effect of atmospheric
emissions from industries of the Petrochemical Complex of
Camaçari on the community of macroarthropods associated
with litter. The presence or absence of specific organisms,
as well as alterations in the community structure associated
with litter, can be used as indicators of alterations in
the quality of soils. Bimonthly collections will be accomplished
in the same sites of the previous project “Biological
indicators in the Evaluation of Areas Impacted by Atmospheric
Emissions". The litter will be sampled with aid of
squares measuring 25 cm2. Macrofauna will be sampled according
to Berlesse (Southwood, 1984). Density, diversity and Pielou
equitability will be evaluated. Soil (0-10 cm) will be chemically
characterized (pH, conductivity, organic matter, humidity
and sulfur content).
2. Title: MONITORING OF URBAN OZONE - VALIDATION
OF METHODOLOGY AND ALTERNATIVES OF BIOMONITORS.
Author:
Alice Torres Barbosa (Bolsista FAPESB)
Orientation: Hermínia de Bastos
Freitas
Co-orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia
Santana Lima
Objectives: To Validate the use of Nicotiana
tabacum L (tobacco) as biomonitor of atmospheric ozone in
tropical conditions and evaluate the potential of species
P.vulgaris, L (“carioquinha”) and Glicine max,
L (soybean) as alternative bioindicators on the evaluation
of the ozone present in the air of Salvador.
Time: September 2002 to September 2003.
Support: FINEP, FAPESB and PIBIC.
Abstract:
This project aims to validate the use of tobacco (Nicotiana
tabacum, L.) as a biomonitor of atmospheric ozone in tropical
conditions, as well as to evaluate the potential of bean
(Phaseolus vulgaris, L., var. “carioquinha”)
and of soybean (Glycine max, L) as alternative biomonitors
in the evaluation of ozone present in the urban area of
Salvador/Bahia, Brazil. The use of plants as bioindicators
of air pollution is already a relatively common procedure
in Europe. However, this kind of methodology is still scarce
in Brazil and very little is known about the behavior of
the traditional biomonitors in tropical conditions.
The cultivation and the exposure of the biomonitors have
been accomplished in agreement with methodology described
by Klumpp et al (1999). The evaluation includes foliar diagnosis
according qualitative scales of visual injuries by Klumpp
et al (1999), for tobacco and soybean; and methodology developed
by Manning and adapted by Fedder & Manning (1979), for
bean. Areas with intense, intermediate and low vehicle traffic
were chosen for exposure of the biomonitors. The biomonitors
have been submitted to two periods of exposure during 13-15
days or more, depending on the biomonitor biological response.
3.
Title: MONITORING OF THE CONCENTRATION OF ATMOSPHERIC
SO2 THROUGH THE USE OF PASSIVE SAMPLERS.
Author:
Eagles Muniz Alves
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana
Lima
Co-orientation: Vânia Palmeira Campos
- Instituto de Química – LAQUAN
Objectives: Implantar um sistema de monitoramento
passivo da concentração de SO2 em área
urbana na cidade de Salvador e industrial.
Time: November 2002 to September 2003.
Support:
Abstract:
The
proposal of this work is to implement a system of passive
monitoring of SO2 concentration in both urban and industrial
areas of Salvador. The Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari,
in the State of Bahia, installed in 1978, is the largest
integrated Industrial Complex of Latin America. According
to Campos (1995) and Tavares & Campos (1997), Camaçari
Complex is the largest source of SO2 and NOx in the Bay
area of Bahia State. There is a net of air monitoring, which
systematically measures O3, CO, NOx, SO2, CH, particulate
matter, etc. However, information is not accessible. The
adaptation of alternative methods to monitor the concentration
of atmospheric pollutants is needed. The monitoring of physiochemical
parameters, as the determination of the concentration of
atmospheric SO2, is of relevant importance in the understanding
of the impact. Passive samplers are of low cost and easy
implantation, besides the possibility to be used at places
without electric power. In the industrial monitoring, the
atmospheric analyses will be made in four periods (the four
seasons). In each period, 36 samplers (3 sites x 3 replicas
x 4 collections) will be exposed. The samplers will stay
in the field for 30 days, and every seven days, three samplers
will be taken to LAVIET for the determination of SO2 impregnated
in the filter.
In the urban monitoring, the samplers will be exposed in
the same identified sites in the previous project, "Mangifera
indica in the biomonitoring of air Quality in the Urban
Region of Salvador-Bahia, Brazil", following the same
outline of collection for the industrial area.
The determination of SO2 will be accomplished according
to the methodology described by Steubing (1992). The SO2
absorbed in the basic surface of the filter impregnated
with K2CO3 is fixed as sulphate. The potassium sulphate
will be precipitated as barium sulphate and measured by
spectrophotometer at 420 nm.
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