Partnerships and Agreements

The maintenance of both LAVIET and Composting Plant has been made through financial supports of research and extension projects, services and also UFBA resources, when available.


Nowadays, projects in development are financed by FINEP-FAPESB (Bahia State Government), by CAPES, through Post-Graduation students and by CNPq, through PIBIC program (both Federal Government institutions).


LAVIET, through nacional and internacional contacts, maintains partnerships and agreements, in the scope of UFBA, with the following institutions: Institute of Geosciences, through the Program of Post-Graduation on Geochemestry and Environment; Institute of Chemestry; University Campus City Hall; School of Veterinary and Agronomy; and Statistics Department. In the scope of external partnerships, there are: SPJ (Superintendency of Parks and Gardens) of Salvador City Hall; Ceplac-Cepec, Botany Institute/São Paulo; Viçosa University/MG, São Paulo University, Campinas Agronomic Institute/São Paulo, Campinas University, Uberaba University, Austral University of Chile-Valdivia, University of Kassel, University of Giessen and University of Hohenheim/Germany, State Agricultural Secretary of Hessen/Germany, University of Florida - Gainesville/USA, etc.

Projects in Development | Top |

PROJECT Rede Reviver - RECOPE
OBJECTIVE: To produce organic compost from domestic waste and evaluate its action in the improvement of soils – Plant development and Implementation of Selective Collection in Camaçari.
TIME: since January/2000
SUPPORT: FINEP/FAPESB, CNPq
PARTNERSHIPS: LIMPEC - Camaçari, CEPLAC, EBDA, SPJ, Caraiba Metais
ENGAGED STAFF: Prof. Msc Hermínia Bastos (Vice-Coordinator), Bernadete Marcello (Administrative Management), Master Degree students: Alessandra Argolo E. Santos, Sildia Santos Gomes, Carla Nunes Costa, Ana Paula Bittencourt, Valdenir Meira and Marina Moraes; Graduation students: Maria Bethânia Figueiredo, Bianca Grisi, Eagles Muniz Alves, Alice Torres Barbosa, Agnaldo de Souza, Torriceli S. Thé, Maria Alice dos Santos; Technical staff: André Bertotti (Designer), Bárbara Borges (Secretary), Ariomar de Castro Aguiar (Chemist), Reinildo de Jesus Silva (Field Assistent), Carlos Bahia Júnior (Driver), Lindiane Araújo Freire (Biologist), Manuel Leite (Environmental Educator), Ricardo Alexandre Novelino (Agronomist).



Master Degree| Top |

1. Title: BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS IN THE EVALUATION OF AREAS IMPACTED BY ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS.

Author: Alessandra Argolo do Espírito Santo (FAPESB scholarship)
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Objective: To evaluate the use of biological parameters (enzymatic activity, carbon of microbial biomass and the community structure of cursor arthopodes) as indices of soil quality.
Time: August 2002 to August 2004.
Support: FINEP and FAPESB.



Abstract:
The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of the industrial atmospheric pollution of the petrochemical complex of Camaçari in the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. Parameters like: macrofauna community structure; carbon of the microbial biomass and activity of the enzymes desidrogenase and arilsulfatase should inform about alterations provoked by the industrial emissions. Two collections will be accomplished, one in the dry period (February) and other in the rainy period (June) along a transecto delimited inside of a pollution gradient by sulfur dioxide and heavy metals. Soil samplings will be accomplished in the depth of 0-10 cm, in a stochastic way, in ten sites with five repetitions each. Statistical considerations will get special attention. For that the data will be treated based on inferential and exploratory tests. In the inferential analysis, classical methods will be applied (ANOVA) considering as null hypothesis the stand point that the impact in the soil between the sites situated closer to the pollutant source and the ones situated more distant will be the same. The exploratory analysis of the data will be made from the multivaried integration among environmental variables (physiochemical parameters of the soil), pollutant variables (metals and sulfur) and biotic variables (structure of macrofauna communities, variation in the microbial biomass and enzymatic activity). Tool will be the canonical analysis of correspondence (CAC) or redundancy analysis, depending on the best adaquacy of the data to the response model (unimodal or linear, respectively).

2. Title: EVALUATION OF THE USE OF ORGANIC COMPOST FROM URBAN WASTE IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF SOILS THROUGH SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS.

Author: Carla Regina Costa Lima
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Objective: To evaluate the effects of organic compost from urban residues in the improvement of agricultural soils, utilizing sustainability indicators.
Time: August 2002 to August 2004.
Support: FINEP and FAPESB.

Abstract:
This work seeks to identify indicators to inform about the action of the organic compost in the improvement of agricultural soils. The compost has been originated by domestic organic residues. The experiments were implanted in the properties of two small farmers. Parameters like pH, conductivity, density, organic matter content, macro and micronutrients, productivity will be compared among cultures treated with mineral fertilizer and with organic compost. Of special importance in this project is the sensitization of the farmers and their involvement in all phases of the work. Farmer’s visits to the laboratory of soil analysis will be included. The proposal is to stimulate their awareness towards environmental subjects, such as the reuse of garbage and the feasibility of a sustainable agriculture.

3. Título: MANGIFERA INDICA L. IN THE BIOMONITORING OF AIR QUALITY IN THE URBAN AREA OF SALVADOR CITY-BAHIA, BRAZIL.
Author: Ana Paula Bitencourt
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Objective: To apply physiological responses of mango trees (Mangifera indica L.) in order to evaluate the air quality of Salvador City.
Time: April 2002 to September 2003.
Support:

Abstract:
This work aims to apply physiological responses of the mango tree in the air quality evaluation of Salvador. Salvador is a city in an intense and fast growth process, which has no air quality monitoring network so far. Atmospherical pollutants influence plant metabolism altering certain physiological parameters. The oscillation in the values of those parameters aids in the evaluation of air quality. Parameters like particulate matter present on the foliar surface, its pH and conductivity, as well as the content of ascorbic acid, sulfur and catalase in the leaves will be monthly measured in mango trees located in four different sites in the city, with different exposure levels to the traffic of vehicles.



4. Título: DECOMPOSITION OF ESCHWEILERA OVATA LITTER IN THE NEIGHBORING AREA OF A COPPER SMELTER.
Author: Sildia Santos Gomes
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Objective: This work has as objective to evaluate the influence industrial atmospherical emissions in the cycling of nutrients, determining the rate and the stage of litter decomposition of one native species in soils polluted by haevy metals in comparison to the same species of a remote area.
Time: January 2003 to January 2005.
Support: FINEP AND FAPESB

Abstract:
The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of industrial atmospheric emissions in the nutrient tournover. The work will be developed at the Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari. Ten sites located inside of a heavy metals pollution gradient will be determined. Naylon bags (10X5cm) will be filled up with 5g of litter from “Biriba” trees (Eschweilera ovatta) collected in the contaminated area (litter I) and with litter from the same species with occurrence in places without the direct influence of the industrial emissions (litter II). In each one of the ten sites, sixty bags (litter I and II) will be exposed in June 2002. Bimonthly a random collection of the bags will be made during one year. Ten bags will be collected from each site and transported to the laboratory, where they will be dried in the oven at 70ºC for 24 hours for dry weight determination. Soon afterwards the material will be ground for determination of pH, conductivity, carbon, macronutrients, nitrogen, sulfur and the heavy metals Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb. The same chemical characterization of the litter will be made at the beginning of the experiment.

Scientific Initiation | Top |

1. Title: EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON THE STRUCTURE OF MACROFAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH LITTER.

Author: Maria Betania Figueiredo (PIBIC scholarship)
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Objective: To evaluate the effect of atmospheric emissions from industries of the Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari over macroarthropod communities associated with litter.
Time: July 2002 to August 2003.
Support: FINEP, FAPESB and PIBIC.

Abstract:
This work aims to evaluate the effect of atmospheric emissions from industries of the Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari on the community of macroarthropods associated with litter. The presence or absence of specific organisms, as well as alterations in the community structure associated with litter, can be used as indicators of alterations in the quality of soils. Bimonthly collections will be accomplished in the same sites of the previous project “Biological indicators in the Evaluation of Areas Impacted by Atmospheric Emissions". The litter will be sampled with aid of squares measuring 25 cm2. Macrofauna will be sampled according to Berlesse (Southwood, 1984). Density, diversity and Pielou equitability will be evaluated. Soil (0-10 cm) will be chemically characterized (pH, conductivity, organic matter, humidity and sulfur content).

2. Title: MONITORING OF URBAN OZONE - VALIDATION OF METHODOLOGY AND ALTERNATIVES OF BIOMONITORS.

Author: Alice Torres Barbosa (Bolsista FAPESB)
Orientation: Hermínia de Bastos Freitas
Co-orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Objectives: To Validate the use of Nicotiana tabacum L (tobacco) as biomonitor of atmospheric ozone in tropical conditions and evaluate the potential of species P.vulgaris, L (“carioquinha”) and Glicine max, L (soybean) as alternative bioindicators on the evaluation of the ozone present in the air of Salvador.
Time: September 2002 to September 2003.
Support: FINEP, FAPESB and PIBIC.

Abstract:
This project aims to validate the use of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum, L.) as a biomonitor of atmospheric ozone in tropical conditions, as well as to evaluate the potential of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L., var. “carioquinha”) and of soybean (Glycine max, L) as alternative biomonitors in the evaluation of ozone present in the urban area of Salvador/Bahia, Brazil. The use of plants as bioindicators of air pollution is already a relatively common procedure in Europe. However, this kind of methodology is still scarce in Brazil and very little is known about the behavior of the traditional biomonitors in tropical conditions.
The cultivation and the exposure of the biomonitors have been accomplished in agreement with methodology described by Klumpp et al (1999). The evaluation includes foliar diagnosis according qualitative scales of visual injuries by Klumpp et al (1999), for tobacco and soybean; and methodology developed by Manning and adapted by Fedder & Manning (1979), for bean. Areas with intense, intermediate and low vehicle traffic were chosen for exposure of the biomonitors. The biomonitors have been submitted to two periods of exposure during 13-15 days or more, depending on the biomonitor biological response.

3. Title: MONITORING OF THE CONCENTRATION OF ATMOSPHERIC SO2 THROUGH THE USE OF PASSIVE SAMPLERS.

Author: Eagles Muniz Alves
Orientation: Prof Dr Josanídia Santana Lima
Co-orientation: Vânia Palmeira Campos - Instituto de Química – LAQUAN
Objectives: Implantar um sistema de monitoramento passivo da concentração de SO2 em área urbana na cidade de Salvador e industrial.
Time: November 2002 to September 2003.
Support:

Abstract:
The proposal of this work is to implement a system of passive monitoring of SO2 concentration in both urban and industrial areas of Salvador. The Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari, in the State of Bahia, installed in 1978, is the largest integrated Industrial Complex of Latin America. According to Campos (1995) and Tavares & Campos (1997), Camaçari Complex is the largest source of SO2 and NOx in the Bay area of Bahia State. There is a net of air monitoring, which systematically measures O3, CO, NOx, SO2, CH, particulate matter, etc. However, information is not accessible. The adaptation of alternative methods to monitor the concentration of atmospheric pollutants is needed. The monitoring of physiochemical parameters, as the determination of the concentration of atmospheric SO2, is of relevant importance in the understanding of the impact. Passive samplers are of low cost and easy implantation, besides the possibility to be used at places without electric power. In the industrial monitoring, the atmospheric analyses will be made in four periods (the four seasons). In each period, 36 samplers (3 sites x 3 replicas x 4 collections) will be exposed. The samplers will stay in the field for 30 days, and every seven days, three samplers will be taken to LAVIET for the determination of SO2 impregnated in the filter.
In the urban monitoring, the samplers will be exposed in the same identified sites in the previous project, "Mangifera indica in the biomonitoring of air Quality in the Urban Region of Salvador-Bahia, Brazil", following the same outline of collection for the industrial area.
The determination of SO2 will be accomplished according to the methodology described by Steubing (1992). The SO2 absorbed in the basic surface of the filter impregnated with K2CO3 is fixed as sulphate. The potassium sulphate will be precipitated as barium sulphate and measured by spectrophotometer at 420 nm.